Synthetic zeolite / Molecular sieve
Zeolites are natural, microporous minerals, commonly used as catalysts and absorbance material due to their high cation exchange capacity (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+). Zeolites can be also synthesized chemically in large scale. This allows the modification of the chemical characteristics and enlarges the scope of application. To date more than 200 different derivatives of Zeolites are known. The synthetic manufacturing procedure is performed by slow crystallization of a silica-alumina solution accompanied by alkalis and organic scaffolds (hydrothermal method).
Responsible for the extreme high adsorption capacity are the created pores after thermal dehydration, normally referred to as molecular sieve effect. The regular diameter pattern of these pores can feature 3 to 10 Å. This makes them applicable for biochemistry and biological application using the so called size-exclusion effect of the different compound.
Like aforementioned chemical modifications can be obtained by using metal ions within the production process, causing polar and non-saturable properties. In this case zeolites can be used for wastewater treatment, specific separation of gases fluid, catalytic cracking and hydrocracking in the field of petrochemical industry as well as solar thermal collectors and for the adsorption in refrigeration processes.
Union Carbide Corporation introduced the trade name "Molecular Sieves" for synthetic manufactured zeolites. FUJIFILM Wako provides several types of synthetic zeolite for various fields of applications.
Lineup
Our lineup of synthetic zeolite, molecular sieves, respectively, consists of different product types depending on chemical structure, crystal structure or adsorption characteristics. *1, *2, *3
Synthetic zeolite
| Product | Zeolite, Synthetic A-3 |
Zeolite, Synthetic A-4 |
Zeolite, Synthetic A-5 |
Zeolite, Synthetic F-9 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Composition | (0.4K+0.6Na)2O・Al2O3・2SiO2 | Na2O・Al2O3・2SiO2 | － | Na2O・Al2O3・2.5SiO2 | |
| Pore Diameter (Å) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 9 | |
| Moisture Adsorption (wt%) | 20 | 20 | 22 | 26 | |
| Adsorbed Substance | Water | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
| Ammonia | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | |
| CO2 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | |
| CO | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | |
| Hydrogen sulfide | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | |
| Sulfurous acid gas | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | |
| C1, C2 Paraffins | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | ||
| C3-C22 n-Paraffins | 〇 | 〇 | |||
| iso-Paraffins | 〇 | ||||
| C2,C3 Olefins | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | ||
| n-Olefins (more than C4) | 〇 | 〇 | |||
| iso-Olefins | 〇 | ||||
| Cyclopropane | 〇 | 〇 | |||
| Naphthenes (more than C4) | 〇 | ||||
| Benzene and most of lower aromatic hydrocarbons | 〇 | ||||
| C1-C3, n-Alcohols | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | ||
| n-Alcohols (C4 or higher) | 〇 | 〇 | |||
| iso-, sec-, tert-Alcohols (more than C3) | 〇 | ||||
| Di-n-Propylamine | 〇 | ||||
| Di-n-Butylamine | 〇 | ||||
| Crystal Type | A | A | Ca-A | X | |
Molecular sieves
| Product | Molecular sieves 3A | Molecular sieves 4A | Molecular sieves 5A | Molecular sieves 13X |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Composition | K9Na3〔(AlO2)12(SiO2)12〕・xH2O | Na12〔(AlO2)12(SiO2)12〕・27H2O | Ca4.5Na3〔(AlO2)12(SiO2)12〕・xH2O | Na86〔(AlO2)86(SiO2)106〕・276H2O |
| Pore Diameter (Å) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 10 |
| Moisture Adsorption (wt%) | 20 | 22 | 21.5 | about 20 |
| Adsorbed Substances | H2O, NH3, He | H2S, CO2, C2H6, C3H6, C2H5OH, C4H6 | n-Paraffins, n-Olefins, n-C4H9OH |
iso-Paraffins, iso-Olefins, Di-n-butylamine, Aromatic compounds |
| < 3 Å | < 4 Å | < 5Å | < 10Å | |
| Nonadsorbed Substance | CH4, CO2, C2H2, O2, C2H5OH, H2S, C2H4 | C3H8, Compressor oil, Cyclic hydrocarbon | iso-Compounds, Compounds having 4 membered ring | (C4F9)3N |
| > 3 Å | > 4 Å | > 5 Å | > 10 Å | |
| Application |
・Drying of small molecule organic solvent (methanol, ethanol, acetone, acetonitril etc.) |
・Drying of common organic solvent (xylene, chloroform, nitromethane, DMSO)*3 |
・Drying of large molecule organic solvent (THF, dioxane) |
・Drying or desulfurization of very large molecular organic solvents |
| Crystal Type | A | A | A | X |
*1 Product name (3A, F-9 etc.) equals to the pore diameter (Å) with the exception of 13X, which is 10 Å.
Pore diameter: 3A ＜ 4A ＜ 5A ＜ 13X
Please note, that a molecule which can be adsorbed by 3A is also adsorbed by 4A, 5A and 13X.
*2 All types of molecular sieves have 1/8 (inch) and 1/16 (inch) in diameter.
*3 Greater drying capacity than 3A.
Synthetic zeolite HS-series
FUJIFILM Wako HS-series represent the hydrophobic synthetic zeolites, featuring a high silica/alumina ratio (more than 5), resulting in a capacity (hydrophilicity) change. By increasing the ratio, the affinity for polar compounds and therefore the ratio of metal cation in the crystal lattice decreases. This results in a strong adsorption of non-polar compounds. These products can be used for the removal or to deodorize volatile organic compounds (VOC). In addition, the HS-series is capable to adsorb water at lower temperature than aforementioned hydrophilic synthetic zeolite with regard to their lowered affinity to polar compounds.
The catalytic performance of synthetic zeolite changes depending on its crystal form (L-type, Y-type, mordenite or ferrierite), silica/alumina ratio or cationic species. The catalytic characteristic is generally determined by creating an efficiently catalytic reaction pore by the adsorbed reaction components. Therefore, the HS-series features different types of crystal forms, pore diameter, silica/alumina ratio and metal cation species for various applications areas.
HS series*4
| Product | HS-320 | HS-341 | HS-500 | HS-642 | HS-690 | HS-720 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cationic Series *5 | H | Na | NH3 | K | Na | H | K |
| Crystal Form | Y | Y | Y | L | Mordenite | Mordenite | Ferrierite |
| Pore Diameter (Å) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 4.8 |
| Silica/Alumina ratio (mol/mol) |
5.5 | 5.5 | 7 | 6.1 | 18 | 240 | 18 |
| Specific Surface (m2/g) | 550 | 660 | 700 | 290 | － | 450 | 170 |
| Crystal Size (µm) | 0.2-0.4 | 0.2-0.4 | 0.7-1.0 | 0.4 | 0.1 x 0.5 | 0.1 x 0.5 | ≦1 |
| Particle Size | 6-8 | 6-8 | 3-5 | 4 | 12 | 12 | 20 |
| NH3-TPD (mmol/g) |
0.7 | － | 2.0 | － | － | 0.2 | － |
*4 Reference values do not state the quality of the product
*5 Molecules are captured due to the electrostatic interaction with cation properties of the zeolite. Higher valence potential of the respective cation tends to have higher electrostatic interaction, whereas a molecule obtaining stronger polarity tends to be adsorbed stronger and more abundant.
How to use
- Add three to four times of calculated amount of synthetic zeolite to the solvent.*, **
- Incubate for 24 hours (constantly shake).
- Dry (1h up to a few days, depending on the application). ***
* Adsorption amount: about 25% of its own weight
** Maximum adsorption amount and calculated amount may vary
*** Adjust drying process
How to restore
- Remove the solvent adhered to the surface by air drying.*
- Heat up to 150 - 180℃ for 2 to 3 hours.**
- For need of thoroughly drying to remove the polar solvent, heat up to 300 - 350℃ in vacuum (10-1 to 10-3 mmHg) or under drying gas flow for 3 to 4 hours.
- After drying, cool the product in the desiccator with care and store it with the bottle sealed tightly.
* Remaining solvent on the surface may result in fire for heating.
** Heat carefully because synthetic zeolite decomposes over 700℃.
Advantages
- Lowering moisture concentration up to 0.1 ppm
- Drying at high temperature
- High selectivity
Product List
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Synthetic zeolite
Molecular sieve
For research use or further manufacturing use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
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