Silica Gel TLC Plate (Unmodified)

How to Select TLC Plate

(1) Type of carrier

Unmodified silica gel	Used in adsorption chromatography mode, mainly suitable for separation of acidic or neutral compound.
Chemically modified silica gel	Various functional groups are bonded to the silanol groups on the surface of unmodified silica gel to change the function. C18 modified silica gel, which is octadecyl group (ODS) bonded silica gel, suitable for reversed-phase chromatography mode. NH2 modified silica gel, which is aminopropyl group bonded silica gel, suitable for separation of sugars, catecholamines, etc.
Polyamides	Used in adsorption chromatography mode, suitable for separation of phenols and carboxylic acids.
Alumina	Used in adsorption chromatography mode, suitable for separation of basic compounds.
Cellulose	Used in normal phase chromatography mode, suitable for separation of hydrocarbon compounds.

(2) Pore size/specific surface area

The smaller the pore size, the greater the specific surface area of the silica gel and the higher the resolution of small molecules. Conversely for macromolecules such as proteins, the larger the pore size, the higher the resolution. It is necessary to select an appropriate pore size so that sample molecules can easily enter and exit the pores.

(3) Type of support

Glass has excellent chemical resistance and is the most widely used. Aluminum and paper can be cut easily with scissors, but the carrier peels off from support or the TLC bends depending on the developing solvent. In addition, strong acids/bases cannot be used as developing solvents or coloring reagents.

(4) Type of fluorescent substance

Not contain	It is suitable for detection of fluorescing samples and spot detection using coloring TLC stains (sulfuric acid, ninhydrin, iodine, etc.) because it does not contain fluorescent substances.
Mono fluorescent substance	254 nm UV irradiation causes the entire plate to fluoresce green, and samples with UV absorption turn black colored spots.
Mixture fluorescent substance	Red, green and blue fluorophores substance are added. Under broadband UV (250-400 nm) irradiation causes the entire plate to white, and samples with UV absorption turn the characteristic colored spot such as, red, blue, etc.

　

Product name	Pore size	Specific surface area	Pore volume	Layer thickness	Support	Sticking agent	Fluorescent substance	Detection
Silicagel 70 TLC Plate-Wako	7 nm	450 m2/g	0.8 mL/g	190-290 μm	Glass plate	Polymer	Not contain	Color TLC stains
Silicagel 70 F254 PLC Plate-Wako							Mono fluorescent substance	UV (254 nm)
Silicagel 70 FM TLC Plate-Wako							Mixture fluorescent substance	Broad UV (250-400 nm)
Silicagel 70 PF254 Plate-Wako				700-900 μm			Mono fluorescent substance	UV (254 nm)
Silicagel 70 F254 PLC Plate-Wako				900-1200 µm			Mono fluorescent substance	UV (254 nm)
Wakogel® FM Plate				180-250 μm		Cast/starch	Mixture fluorescent substance	Broad UV (250-400 nm)
Chromato Sheet	-	-	-	300-400 μm	Paper	-	Mono fluorescent substance	UV (254 nm)

Excellent fluorescence intensity!

Excellent water resistance!

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• Since it can be developed using 100% water, experiments that do not use organic solvents can be performed.

High spot convergence and high resolution!

Two types of preparative TLC with different layer thickness are available!

Silicagel 70 PF₂₅₄ Plate-Wako, Silicagel 70 F₂₅₄ PLC Plate-Wako

Types and feature

for Identification	Silicagel 70 TLC Plate-Wako	Fluorescent substance is not contained. Spots can be detected by spraying color TLC stains (sulfuric acid, ninhydrin, iodine, etc.). Useful for selective detection of fluorescent analytes.
	Silicagel 70 FM TLC Plate-Wako	FM plate is added three types of fluorescent substances (red, green, and blue), which are the three primary colors of light. Broadband UV (λ=250-400 nm) irradiation causes the entire plate to white, and samples with UV absorption turn the characteristic colored spot such as, red, blue, etc.
	Silicagel 70 F254 TLC Plate-Wako	A green fluorescent substance is added, so the separated spots are observed as a dark spot on a green background by UV (λ=254 nm) irradiation.
for Preparative Purification	Silicagel 70 PF254 Plate-Wako	Preparative TLC plate added a green fluorescent substance and is equivalent to a Silicagel 70 TLC Plate-Wako. Layer thickness is 750 μm, by reducing the amount of sticking agent to the limit, it is possible to easily collect samples.
	Silicagel 70 F254 PLC Plate-Wako	This is a preparative TLC plate with the layer thickness of Silicagel 70 PF254 Plate-Wako increased to 1000 μm. Larger sample amounts can be easily collected.

Development of Analytical Standards

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Analysys conditions

[Sample] Caffeine Naproxen p-Acetamidophenol p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

[Mobile phase] Chloroform: Methanol a) 95: 5　b) 90: 10　c) 85: 15　d) 80: 20

[Detect] UV 254 nm

[Development distance] 10 cm

What is a Chromato Sheet?

The Chromato Sheet is a paper TLC in which silica gel and a fluorescent substance F₂₅₄ are added to paper fibers.
Since Chromato Sheet is made of paper, it can be safely cut to any size with scissors and can write with a pencil without worrying about powder falling off.
In addition, since it is thinner than glass TLC plate and does not fall off powder from the plate, it can be attached to a notebook or filed.

Size: 20 cm x 20 cm

Features of Chromato Sheet

Chromato Sheet can be used in the same way as glass TLC plate.

*1 Do not attach the filter paper to the wall of the developing tank, because Chromato Sheet tends to absorb the solvent from the sides.
*2 TLC stains using strong acids cannot be used because it is made of paper.
*3 Fujifilm Wako has confirmed that Chromato Sheet can be heated with a heat gun (140°C) and a hot plate (200°C).

The detection behavior is equivalent to that of glass TLC plate.

The spots can be detected at the same position as glass TLC plate.
The spots sharper than filter paper chromatography.

Analysis conditions

Sample	Mixture of ① Brucine ② Oxypropyl Theophylline ③ Caffeine
Sample concentration	① 6 mg/mL ② 10 mg/mL ③ 3 mg/mL (Solvent: chloroform 19+ ethanol (99.5) 1 (volume ratio))
Spot volume	5 μL
Development solvent	Chloroform 9 + methanol 1 (volume ratio)
Development distance	about 5 cm
Detection	Phosphomolybdic Acid (PMA)

No need to separate like glass waste

Since Chromato Sheet is made of paper, it is environmentally friendly and easy to dispose after use.

Space-saving when storing

Chromato Sheet can be stored by filing, which helps keep the laboratory bench clean.

Usage that apply the characteristics of paper

For example, a Chromato Sheet can be developed in a rolled shape. Since multiple spots can be developed, it is useful for checking column fractions.

Analysis conditions

Sample	Mixture of ① Brucine ② Oxypropyl Theophylline ③ Caffeine
Sample concentration	① 6 mg/mL ② 10 mg/mL ③ 3 mg/mL (Solvent: chloroform 19+ ethanol (99.5) 1 (volume ratio))
Spot volume	5 μL
Development solvent	Chloroform 9 + methanol 1 (volume ratio)
Development distance	about 5 cm

Various developing solvents and TLC stains can be used.

Can be cut with scissors.

Can be written with a pencil.

Powder does not fall off.

Drugs Analysis Using Chromato Sheet